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[39] G. J. Foschini, ???Layered Space-Time Architecture for Wireless Communication in a Fading Environment
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506 CHAPTER NINE
APPENDIX A
USEFUL FORMULAS
In this section, we will present several useful formulas typically used in digital communications system
design. Characterizing the system performance typically involves evaluating integrals that contain
the following forms [1??“10].
The most popular integral is called the Gaussian Q function and can be written as
It has the following properties:
Another representation is given as
This is related to the error function erf (x) and complementary error function erfc(x) as shown below.
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