18 MHz). These measured results correspond to campaigns
conducted in the USA, Netherlands, UK, and Canada regions.
In this section a summary of some of the propagation measurement campaigns conducted across
the world was provided. As discussed earlier no attempt has been made to normalize the measured
data. Delay spread results as a function of frequency and distance was summarized. When an extensive
comparison was made about the available data, strong behavioral similarity existed for the RMS
delay spread.
3.4.5 Outdoor Delay Spread Measurements
In this section a brief overview of some of the delay spread measurements for an outdoor environment
will be presented. First we provide a measured PDP shown in Fig. 3.34 [68, 69].
The first point to make here is to observe the units of the excess delay spread in microseconds.
Propagation measurements were made for both macrocellular and microcellular environments for a
variety of carrier frequencies. As noted above, measured environments varied significantly, specifically
142 CHAPTER THREE
Indoor RMS Delay Spread
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
RMS Delay Spread (nsec)
CDF (% < Abscissa)
D E H I L
FIGURE 3.33 Partial summary of some measured indoor delay spread values.
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